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surface finish
Surface finish, also known a surface texture or surface topography, is the nature of a surface as defined by the 3 characteristics of lay, surface roughness, and waviness.〔.〕 It comprises the small local deviations of a surface from the perfectly flat ideal (a true plane).
Surface texture is one of the important factors that control friction and transfer layer formation during sliding.〔Pradeep L. Menezes, Kishore and Satish V. Kailas, Studies on friction and transfer layer using inclined scratch, Tribology International, 39(2), 2006, 175–183.〕 Considerable efforts have been made to study the influence of surface texture on friction and wear during sliding conditions.〔Pradeep L. Menezes, Kishore, Shimjith M. and Satish V. Kailas, Influence of surface texture on friction and transfer layer formation in Mg-8Al alloy/steel tribo-system, Indian Journal of Tribology, 2(1), 2007, 46-54.〕〔Pradeep L. Menezes, Kishore and Satish V. Kailas, On the effect of surface texture on friction and transfer layer formation – A study using Al and steel pair, Wear, 265(11-12), 2008, 1655-1669.〕 Surface textures can be isotropic or anisotropic.〔〔Pradeep L. Menezes, Kishore and Satish V. Kailas, Effect of roughness parameter and grinding angle on coefficient of friction when sliding of Al-Mg alloy over EN8 steel, ASME: Journal of Tribology, 128(4), 2006, 697-704.〕 Sometimes, stick-slip friction phenomena can be observed during sliding depending on surface texture.〔Pradeep L. Menezes, Kishore and Satish V. Kailas, Influence of surface texture on coefficient of friction and transfer layer formation during sliding of pure magnesium pin on 080 M40 (EN8) steel plate, Wear, 261(5-6), 2006, 578-591.〕〔Pradeep L. Menezes, Kishore and Satish V. Kailas, Effect of directionality of unidirectional grinding marks on friction and transfer layer formation of Mg on steel using inclined scratch test, Materials Science and Engineering A, 429(1-2), 2006, 149-160.〕〔Menezes PL, Kishore, Kailas SV. Studies on friction and transfer layer: Role of surface texture, Tribology Letters, 24(3), 2006, 265-273.〕
Each manufacturing process (such as the many kinds of machining) produces a surface texture. The process is usually optimized to ensure that the resulting texture is usable. If necessary, an additional process will be added to modify the initial texture. The latter process may be grinding (abrasive cutting), polishing, lapping, abrasive blasting, honing, electrical discharge machining (EDM), milling, lithography, industrial etching/chemical milling, laser texturing, or other processes.〔Pradeep L. Menezes, Kishore and Satish V. Kailas, Effect of surface roughness parameters and surface texture on friction and transfer layer formation in tin-steel tribo-system, Journal of Materials Processing Technology, 208(1-3), 2008, 372-382.〕〔Pradeep L. Menezes, Kishore and Satish V. Kailas, Role of surface texture and roughness parameters in friction and transfer layer formation under dry and lubricated sliding conditions, International Journal of Materials Research, 99(7), 2008, 795-807.〕
==Lay==
Lay is the direction of the predominant surface pattern ordinarily determined by the production method used.
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